Computer chess is a popular name for the field of artificial intelligence research that involves the creation of software and special computers for playing chess.
Besides, computer chess is also referred to as a game against a computer chess program, a game between programs, as well as their development.

The Turk, also known as the Mechanical Turk or the Automated Chess Player (German: Schachtürke, "chess Turk"; Hungarian: A Török), is a fake automaton built in the late eighteenth century that could supposedly play chess with a human.
It looked like a pedestal with a chessboard mounted on it, next to which was a sculpture of a man in Turkish clothes.